8Julyиюля · 8-е июля
Чувство, разрешающее все противоречия жизни человеческой и дающее наибольшее благо человеку, знают все люди. Чувство это — любовь.
All people know the feeling that resolves all the contradictions of human life and gives them the greatest good. That feeling is love.
1. Как победить дурное расположение духа? Прежде всего смирением: когда знаешь свою слабость, зачем раздражаться, когда другие указывают на нее? Это нелюбезно с их стороны, но они правы. Потом рассуждением: в конце концов останешься все-таки тем, чем был, и если слишком уважал себя, то приходится только изменить о себе мнение; неучтивость ближнего оставляет нас такими, какими мы и были. Главное же — прощением: есть только одно средство не ненавидеть тех, которые делают нам зло и обиды, — это делать им добро, победить свой гнев добротою; их не переменишь этой победой над своими чувствами, но обуздаешь себя.
1. How can a bad mood be conquered? First of all, by humility: when you know your weakness, why be irritated when others point it out? It is not kind of them, but they are right. Then by reasoning: in the end you will still remain what you were, and if you thought too highly of yourself, you have only to change your opinion of yourself; a neighbor’s discourtesy leaves us just as we were. But above all, by forgiveness: there is only one means of not hating those who do us evil and injury — to do them good, to conquer your anger with kindness; you will not change them by this victory over your feelings, but you will curb yourself.
From Fragments d'un journal intime · close to the original .
Original · FrenchComment triompher de la mauvaise humeur ?
Ils sont peu aimables, sans doute, mais ils sont dans le vrai. Ensuite par la réflexion : finalement on reste ce qu'on est, et si l'on s'estimait trop, ce n'est qu'une opinion à modifier ; l'incivilité du prochain nous laisse tels que nous étions.
Surtout par le pardon : il n'y a qu'un moyen de ne pas détester ceux qui nous font du mal et du tort, c'est de leur faire du bien ; on surmonte sa colère par la bénignité ; on ne les change pas, eux, par cette victoire sur ses propres sentiments, mais on se dompte soi-même.
Source text: archive.orgIn English · Mrs. Humphry Ward, 1885How is ill-nature to be met and overcome? First, by humility: when a man knows his own weaknesses, why should he be angry with others for pointing them out?
Secondly, by reflection: after all we are what we are, and if we have been thinking too much of ourselves, it is only an opinion to be modified; the incivility of our neighbor leaves us what we were before.
Above all, by pardon: there is only one way of not hating those who do us wrong, and that is by doing them good; anger is best conquered by kindness.
Source text: gutenberg.orgTolstoy’s own version · Путь жизниМеня осуждают, мне неприятно, тяжело. Как избавиться от этого неприятного чувства?
… если и не переменишь, их, то зато себя обуздаешь.
Source text: tolstoy.ruDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Fragments d'un journal intime, Journal, 22 novembre 1880 (5th ed., Geneva 1887, t. II, pp. 305–306); Ward's translation, November 22, 1880.
The first half of the entry for 22 November 1880, its three remedies for ill humour (humility, reflection, pardon) translated closely. The entry goes on to the poisoned dart (7-8.4, the same day's fourth thought); the sentence between, 'Il est vulgaire de s'indigner pour son compte' (it is vulgar to be indignant on one's own account), is left out of both. Ward's English is freer than the Russian here ('anger is best conquered by kindness'). Tolstoy reworked the thought for The Path of Life (1910), opening it with «Меня осуждают, мне неприятно» (I am condemned; it is unpleasant to me). Mrs. M. L. Tolstaya's Russian selection, «Из дневника Амиеля» (Посредник, 1894; the Jubilee list of the Circle's sources names the 1901 printing), was not found online.
2. Какая цена глазам, в которых нет доброты? Доброта есть истинное богатство. Собственностью владеют и добрые и злые. Стой на истинном пути, соображай и будь добр; хотя бы ты и изучил правила всех религиозных учений, только доброта даст тебе благо. Тот, в душе которого живет доброта, никогда не вступит в область мрака и печали. Никакое зло не постигнет того, кто добр и служит всем существам.
2. What are eyes worth that have no kindness in them? Kindness is true wealth. Property is owned by the kind and the wicked alike. Stand on the true path, reflect, and be kind; even if you have studied the rules of all religious teachings, only kindness will give you the good. He in whose soul kindness lives will never enter the realm of darkness and sorrow. No evil will befall the one who is kind and serves all beings.
From Tirukkural · joined by Tolstoy from several places .
What Tolstoy read · The Sacred AnthologyWhat is the value of eyes in which there is no kindness ?
Kindness is the real wealth. Property is owned alike by best and basest.
Stand in the right path, consider, and be kind ; though you may study perfectly the rules of many sects, kindness must gain your heaven.
No evil that the soul dreads can come upon him who is kind and protects all creatures.
Source text: archive.orgOriginal · Tamilஅருட்செல்வம் செல்வத்துள் செல்வம் பொருட்செல்வம் பூரியார் கண்ணும் உள.
நல்லாற்றால் நாடி அருளாள்க பல்லாற்றால் தேரினும் அஃதே துணை.
அருள்சேர்ந்த நெஞ்சினார்க் கில்லை இருள்சேர்ந்த இன்னா உலகம் புகல்.
மன்னுயிர் ஓம்பி அருளாள்வார்க்கு இல்லென்ப தன்னுயிர் அஞ்சும் வினை.
Source text: ta.wikisource.orgIn English · W. H. Drew (1840) and John Lazarus, 1885241. The wealth of kindness is wealth of wealth, in as much as the wealth of property is possessed even by the basest of men.
… kindness will be your best aid, (in the acquisition of heavenly bliss).
(The wise) say that the evils, which his soul would dread, will never come upon the man who exercises kindness and protects the the life (of other creatures).
What is the use of eyes which possess no kindliness, …
Source text: archive.orgRelated · Tirukkural, ch. 58, Kaṇṇōṭṭamபண்என்னாம் பாடற்கு இயைபின்றேல் கண்என்னாம் கண்ணோட்டம் இல்லாத கண்.
Source text: ta.wikisource.orgDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Tirukkural, ch. 58 (Kaṇṇōṭṭam), couplet 573; ch. 25 (Aruḷuṭaimai), couplets 241-244; Conway (1874), no. CCCLV, Kindness, p. 234.
Conway's 'Kindness', which opens with half of couplet 573 ('What is the use of eyes which possess no kindliness', Drew) and goes on with 241-244 of the chapter on grace, in Drew's English shortened; Tolstoy takes Conway's first five sentences closely. Conway: 'What is the value of eyes in which there is no kindness? Kindness is the real wealth. Property is owned alike by best and basest. Stand in the right path, consider, and be kind; though you may study perfectly the rules of many sects, kindness must gain your heaven. They will enter no region of darkness or grief whose mind is the abode of kindness. No evil that the soul dreads can come upon him who is kind and protects all creatures.' Tolstoy's changes: 'best and basest' becomes «и добрые и злые» (the good and the wicked); 'the rules of many sects' becomes «правила всех религиозных учений» (the rules of all religious teachings); 'kindness must gain your heaven' becomes «только доброта даст тебе благо» (only kindness will give you good); 'protects all creatures' becomes «служит всем существам» (serves all creatures). Conway's last four sentences (245, 248, 247, 249) are left out. The Tamil of 242 says that grace (aruḷ) is the one help, however many paths one examines; Drew's 'heavenly bliss' is the commentator's, and Conway's 'heaven' comes from it. The Tamil of the first sentence, couplet 573, is under Related. Not in Thoughts of Wise Men (1903).
3. Любовь уничтожает смерть и превращает ее в пустой призрак; она же обращает жизнь из бессмыслицы в нечто осмысленное и из несчастия делает счастие.
3. Love destroys death and turns it into an empty phantom; it is love, too, that turns life from meaninglessness into something that has meaning, and makes happiness out of unhappiness.
4. Ничем нельзя вынуть из раны отравленного жала, как только бальзамом молчаливого и предупредительного милосердия. Зачем позволять себе раздражаться на человеческую злобу, на неблагодарность, на зависть, даже на коварство? Перекорам, жалобам, наказаниям никогда не будет конца. Самое простое — стереть всё. Обиды, упреки, вспышки возмущают душу. Надо иметь средство исцеления от этих зол. Огонь очищает всё в вещественном мире; любовь — в мире духовном.
4. Nothing can draw the poisoned sting out of a wound except the balm of silent and considerate mercy. Why let yourself be irritated by human malice, by ingratitude, by envy, even by treachery? There will never be an end to bickering, complaints, and punishments. The simplest thing is to wipe it all away. Offenses, reproaches, and outbursts trouble the soul. One must have a means of healing these ills. Fire purifies everything in the material world; love, in the spiritual world.
From Fragments d'un journal intime · reworded by Tolstoy .
What changedAmiel’s close, “Fire purifies all,” gains a second half found neither in the French nor in Ward: fire purifies everything “in the material world; love, in the spiritual world.”
Original · FrenchOn ne fait sortir de sa blessure le dard empoisonné que par le dictame de la charité silencieuse et prévenante.
On n'en finit pas avec les récriminations, les plaintes ou les châtiments. Le plus simple est de tout effacer.
L'homme est justicier ; mais il y a un mal qu'il n'est pas tenu de punir : c'est celui dont il est victime.
Il faut avoir un procédé de guérison pour ces maux-là. Le feu purifie tout.
Source text: archive.orgIn English · Mrs. Humphry Ward, 1885Besides, the poisoned dart can only be extracted from the wound by the balm of a silent and thoughtful charity.
There is no end to recriminations, complaints, or reprisals. The simplest plan is to blot everything out.
Such a wrong is to be healed, not avenged. Fire purifies all.
Source text: gutenberg.orgDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Fragments d'un journal intime, Journal, 22 novembre 1880 (5th ed., Geneva 1887, t. II, p. 306); Ward's translation, November 22, 1880.
The second half of the entry for 22 November 1880 (its first half is 7-8.1), translated closely up to its last words, with one sentence left out and a clause added. Left out: 'L'homme est justicier ; mais il y a un mal qu'il n'est pas tenu de punir : c'est celui dont il est victime' (man is a dispenser of justice, but there is one wrong he is not bound to punish: the one of which he is the victim). Added: Amiel ends 'Le feu purifie tout' (fire purifies all), followed by two lines of verse; the Russian ends «Огонь очищает всё в вещественном мире; любовь — в мире духовном» (fire purifies all in the material world; love, in the spiritual). The words «любовь — в мире духовном» are not in the French or in Ward, and they tie the thought to the day's theme, love. 'Dictame' (dittany, a healing herb) becomes «бальзамом» (balm), as in Ward. Ward's 'to be healed, not avenged' is his own; the French has 'Il faut avoir un procédé de guérison pour ces maux-là' (one must have a way of healing these ills), which the Russian follows («Надо иметь средство исцеления от этих зол»). Mrs. M. L. Tolstaya's Russian selection, «Из дневника Амиеля» (Посредник, 1894; the Jubilee list of the Circle's sources names the 1901 printing), was not found online.
5. Если вы сознательно не добры ко всем, то будете часто бессознательно жестоки ко многим.
5. If you are not consciously kind to all, you will often be unconsciously cruel to many.
From Sesame and Lilies, Preface of 1871 · close to the original .
John Ruskin’s own wordsPerhaps you think there is no chance of your being so; and indeed I hope it is not likely that you should be deliberately unkind to any creature; but unless you are deliberately kind to every creature, you will often be cruel to many.
Source text: gutenberg.orgTolstoy’s own version · Мысли мудрых людей на каждый деньЕсли вы сознательно не добры ко всем, то будете часто бессознательно жестоки ко многим, и это происходит отчасти вследствие недостатка живости воображения.
Source text: tolstoy.ruDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Sesame and Lilies, Preface of 1871, The counsel to young women, 'Then, secondly, I said, you are not to be cruel'; the preface dated Denmark Hill, 1 January 1871, printed as 'Preface to the Later Editions'.
Close, with one word added. 'Unless you are deliberately kind to every creature, you will often be cruel to many' becomes 'If you are not consciously kind to all, you will often be unconsciously cruel to many' (Если вы сознательно не добры ко всем, то будете часто бессознательно жестоки ко многим): 'unconsciously' (бессознательно) is added to balance 'consciously', and 'every creature', which in Ruskin takes in animals, becomes 'all' (ко всем). In Thoughts of Wise Men (1903, 18 June) Tolstoy's version goes on with Ruskin's next words, 'Cruel, partly through want of imagination' (и это происходит отчасти вследствие недостатка живости воображения; Tolstoy's own version), which confirms the place; the Circle stops at the first sentence. June's 6-4.2 is the sentence after that, from the same page. No printable, because 'unconsciously' is added.
Translation note. The Russian italic is broken only at the comma; it is set here as one span.
6. Любовь выводит человека из себя, из своей личности, и потому, если личность страдает, любовь избавляет от страданий.
6. Love leads us out of ourselves, out of our personality, and so, if the personality suffers, love delivers us from suffering.
7. Чем меньше любви, тем больше человек подвержен мучительности страдания; чем больше любви, тем меньше мучительности страдания; жизнь же вполне разумная, вся деятельность которой проявляется только в любви, исключает возможность всякого страдания. Мучительность страдания — это только та боль, которую испытывают люди при попытках разрывания цепи любви, которая соединяет жизнь человеческую с жизнью мира.
7. The less love there is, the more people are subject to the torment of suffering; the more love, the less the torment of suffering; and a wholly rational life, all of whose activity is manifested only in love, excludes the possibility of any suffering. The torment of suffering is only the pain that people feel when they try to break the chain of love that binds human life to the life of the world.
Когда тебе тяжело, когда ты боишься людей и себя, когда ты запутался в рассуждениях и делах, скажи себе: буду любить тех, с кем меня сводит жизнь, и старайся делать это, и увидишь, как всё пройдет, облегчится, распутается, и тебе нечего будет ни желать, ни бояться.
When things are hard for you, when you are afraid of people and of yourself, when you have become entangled in reasonings and affairs, say to yourself: I will love those with whom life brings me together; and try to do it, and you will see how everything will pass, grow lighter, and come untangled, and you will have nothing either to desire or to fear.
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