12Juneиюня · 12-е июня
Страдания — необходимые условия роста как физического так и духовного.
Sufferings are necessary conditions of growth, both physical and spiritual.
1. Истинно, истинно говорю вам: вы восплачете и возрыдаете, а мир возрадуется; вы печальны будете, но печаль ваша в радость будет. Женщина, когда рождает, терпит скорбь, потому что пришел час ее; но когда родит младенца, уже не помнит скорби от радости, потому что родился человек в мир.
1. Truly, truly, I say to you: you will weep and wail, but the world will rejoice; you will be sorrowful, but your sorrow will turn into joy. A woman, when she is giving birth, suffers anguish, because her hour has come; but when she has given birth to the child, she no longer remembers the anguish for joy, because a man has been born into the world.
From John · close to the original .
The Russian Bible (Synodal translation)Истинно, истинно говорю вам: вы восплачете и возрыдаете, а мир возрадуется; вы печальны будете, но печаль ваша в радость будет.
Женщина, когда рождает, терпит скорбь, потому что пришел час ее; но когда родит младенца, уже не помнит скорби от радости, потому что родился человек в мир.
Source text: ru.wikisource.orgIn English · King James Version, 1611Verily, verily, I say unto you, That ye shall weep and lament, but the world shall rejoice: and ye shall be sorrowful, but your sorrow shall be turned into joy.
A woman when she is in travail hath sorrow, because her hour is come: but as soon as she is delivered of the child, she remembereth no more the anguish, for joy that a man is born into the world.
Source text: gutenberg.orgDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. John, 16:20–21.
The Synodal text word for word.
2. Мы жалуемся на страдания. А страдания, всякие страдания всегда нам на благо. Иногда нам видно, что телесные страдания нам на пользу, как это бывает, когда дети растут или когда назревает нарыв и т. п. Но иногда мы не видим пользы от страданий и телесных и духовных, и тогда мы жалуемся. А не знаем того, что все страдания нам на благо: помогают нам становиться лучше и приближаться к богу.
2. We complain of sufferings. Yet sufferings, all sufferings, are always for our good. Sometimes we can see that bodily sufferings are of benefit to us, as happens when children are growing, or when an abscess is coming to a head, and the like. But sometimes we do not see the benefit of sufferings, whether bodily or spiritual, and then we complain. And we do not know that all sufferings are for our good: they help us become better and draw nearer to God.
3. Облегчает горесть страданий, во-первых, живое представление о гораздо худших, чем твои, страданиях других людей, и, во-вторых, сознание того, что перенесение страданий может быть дурное — возмущенное, и хорошее — покорное.
3. The grief of sufferings is eased, first, by a vivid picture of the sufferings of other people, far worse than yours, and, second, by the consciousness that sufferings can be borne badly, with indignation, and well, with resignation.
4. Растем мы вот как. В каждой мысли каждого человека лежит уже высшая мысль; в том характере, который проявляет человек нынче, уже готовится высший характер. Юноша откидывает иллюзии детства, муж откидывает незнание и бурные страсти юношества, старец откидывает себялюбие мужа и становится всё более и более всемирною душою. Он поднимается на высшую и на более твердую ступень жизни. Внешние отношения и условия вымирают, и он всё больше входит в бога и бог в него, — до тех пор, пока не спадает с него последняя одежда себялюбия, и он соединяется с богом, сливает свою волю с его волей и участвует в его величии.
4. This is how we grow. In every thought of every man a higher thought already lies; in the character that a man shows today, a higher character is already being prepared. The youth casts off the illusions of childhood, the grown man casts off the ignorance and the stormy passions of youth, the old man casts off the self-love of the grown man and becomes more and more a universal soul. He ascends to a higher and firmer step of life. Outward relations and conditions die away, and he enters more and more into God and God into him — until the last garment of self-love falls from him, and he unites with God, merges his will with God’s will, and shares in his greatness.
From Immortality, in Letters and Social Aims · reworded by Tolstoy .
What changed“Shares the will and the immensity of the First Cause” becomes “merges his will with God’s will, and shares in his greatness,” “rising to realities” becomes ascending “to a higher and firmer step of life,” and “a public and universal soul” loses “public.”
Emerson’s own wordsBut this is the way we rise. Within every man's thought is a higher thought,--within the character he exhibits to-day, a higher character.
The youth puts off the illusions of the child, the man puts off the ignorance and tumultuous passions of youth; proceeding thence puts off the egotism of manhood, and becomes at last a public and universal soul.
He is rising to greater heights, but also rising to realities; the outer relations and circumstances dying out, he entering deeper into God, God into him, until the last garment of egotism falls, and he is with God,--shares the will and the immensity of the First Cause.
Source text: gutenberg.orgDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Immortality, in Letters and Social Aims (1876), Toward the end of the essay, after 'will you offer them rolling ages without end?'.
Close, sentence by sentence, with words changed. 'This is the way we rise' becomes 'this is how we grow'; 'within the character he exhibits to-day, a higher character' becomes 'in the character a man shows today a higher character is already being prepared'. Emerson's third stage has no subject ('proceeding thence puts off the egotism of manhood'); Tolstoy gives it one, 'the old man' (старец). 'Becomes at last a public and universal soul' becomes 'becomes more and more a universal soul' (всё более и более всемирною душою), 'public' dropped; 'He is rising to greater heights, but also rising to realities' becomes 'He rises to a higher and a firmer step of life' (на высшую и на более твердую ступень жизни); and 'shares the will and the immensity of the First Cause' becomes 'merges his will with His will and shares His greatness'. The Jubilee list names two Emerson selections Tolstoy used, Garnett's (1902) and Broadbent's (1903); neither was found online. No printable, for the changes.
5. По мере совершения мудрых дел всё более и более жизни прибывает к человеку.
5. As wise deeds are done, more and more life comes to a man.
From Munera Pulveris · shortened by Tolstoy .
John Ruskin’s own wordsFor every piece of wise work done, so much life is granted; for every piece of foolish work, nothing; for every piece of wicked work, so much death is allotted.
Source text: gutenberg.orgTolstoy’s own version · Мысли мудрых людей на каждый деньПо мере совершения мудрых дел всё более и более жизни прибывает к человеку.
Source text: tolstoy.ruDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Munera Pulveris (1872), ch. I, Definitions, § 10; in The Crown of Wild Olive, also Munera Pulveris … (Illustrated Library Edition).
The first clause of Ruskin's sentence, its sense kept: 'For every piece of wise work done, so much life is granted' becomes 'In the measure that wise deeds are done, more and more life comes to a man'. Tolstoy leaves out the foolish work, which earns nothing, and the wicked work, which earns death. The Circle repeats word for word his Thoughts of Wise Men (1903, 9 June), whose Ruskin the commentary of Jubilee vol. 40 traces to L. P. Nikiforov's Russian selection (Posrednik, 1902), not online. Munera Pulveris first appeared as four essays in Fraser's Magazine in the winter of 1862–63, as Ruskin's preface says.
6. При тяжелом душевном состоянии надо не сдаваться, не высказываться никому, кроме бога. Важно молчать, перетерпеть. То страдания перейдут к другим и заставят их страдать, а то перегорят в тебе и помогут тебе возвыситься, приблизиться немного к совершенству.
6. When your soul is heavy, you must not give in, must not open your heart to anyone but God. It is important to keep silent, to endure to the end. Either the sufferings will pass to others and make them suffer, or they will burn out in you and help you to rise, to come a little nearer to perfection.
7. Добродетель и сила души укрепляются и совершенствуются в несчастии, в страданиях, в болезнях. Поэтому вы не должны опасаться испытаний, которые могут пасть на вашу долю, но переносить их с твердостью. Каждое испытание более и более приближает вас к богу.
7. Virtue and strength of soul are fortified and perfected in misfortune, in sufferings, in illnesses. Therefore you must not fear the trials that may fall to your lot, but must bear them with firmness. Every trial brings you nearer and nearer to God.
From «Благочестивые мысли и наставления для руководства христианина на пути к совершенству» · shortened by Tolstoy .
Original · RussianДобродетель и сила души укрепляются и совершенствуются в несчастии, в страданиях, в болезнях и в уничижении. Поэтому вы не должны опасаться испытаний, которые могут пасть на вашу долю, но переносить их с твёрдостью; каждое испытание более и более приближает вас к Богу.
Source text: azbyka.ruDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. «Благочестивые мысли и наставления для руководства христианина на пути к совершенству» (Moscow, 1872 printing; Tolstoy used the 3rd edition, 1879), § III.74.
The anthology's thought, one item shorter. The anthology: «в несчастии, в страданиях, в болезнях и в уничижении» (in misfortune, in sufferings, in illnesses, and in humiliation); Tolstoy leaves out «и в уничижении» (and in humiliation), and makes the last clause («каждое испытание более и более приближает вас к Богу», every trial brings you nearer and nearer to God) a sentence of its own. The anthology's preface says its thoughts come from the Holy Fathers and other ancient and modern writers whom it does not name; this one's writer was not identified.
8. Бедствие — это оселок для человеческой жизни.
8. Adversity is the whetstone of human life.
From Four Plays, or Moral Representations, in One: The Triumph of Honour · close to the original .
Fletcher’s own wordsYet will I try thee more ; calamity Is man's true touchstone.
Source text: archive.orgDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Four Plays, or Moral Representations, in One: The Triumph of Honour (printed in the Beaumont and Fletcher folio, 1647), Martius, aside; The Works of Beaumont & Fletcher, ed. Alexander Dyce (London: Moxon, 1843), vol. II, p. 487.
«Флетчер» is John Fletcher (1579–1625), the dramatist, as the Jubilee name index has it (vol. 41, p. 396). The line is spoken by the Roman general Martius, aside, as he resolves to test the captive duke Sophocles further: 'Yet will I try thee more; calamity Is man's true touchstone.' Tolstoy keeps the saying: 'Calamity is a touchstone for human life' (Бедствие — это оселок для человеческой жизни); 'true' is left out, and 'man's' becomes 'for human life'. The play is one of the collaborative works printed as Beaumont and Fletcher's; quotation books of the nineteenth century (Bartlett's Familiar Quotations; Friswell's Familiar Words) give the line under 'Beaumont and Fletcher, Four Plays in One' (archive.org full text), and such a book is likely Tolstoy's route; which writer composed this part was not examined. No printable, for the word left out.
Translation note. «Оселок» is a whetstone; the Russian word is also used of a touchstone, a test.
Ищи в страданиях их значения для твоего душевного роста, и уничтожится горечь страдания.
Seek in sufferings their meaning for the growth of your soul, and the bitterness of suffering will vanish.
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