27Augustавгуста · 27-е августа
Самый нужный и важный для каждого человека предмет изучения — это он сам, его духовное существо.
The most necessary and important subject of study for each of us is our own self, our spiritual being.
1. Человек, знающий все науки, но не знающий самого себя, — жалкий невежда. Человек же, ничего не знающий, кроме самого себя, своего духовного я, — человек вполне просвещенный.
1. Those who know all the sciences but do not know themselves are wretched ignoramuses. But those who know nothing except themselves, their spiritual I, are fully enlightened.
2. Большинство людей хочет знать бога и не хочет знать самих себя. Но пусть они признают и возрастят добро внутри себя, и они узнают тогда бога, ибо нет иного пути к его познанию.
2. Most people want to know God and do not want to know themselves. But let them acknowledge and nurture the good within themselves, and then they will know God, for there is no other way to the knowledge of him.
Source not found yet .
Not found yet.
Not found. August 27's other Mallory entry (8-27.3) is in the August–September 1898 number; this one is in none of the surviving issues of 1897–1899 or later.
Searched: For the text layers of IAPSOP's PDFs of 108 issues of The World's Advance-Thought (vols. III–VI, 1888–1892, and XI–XXI, March 1897 to December 1907: every issue IAPSOP holds for those years) and the saved archive.org scans of vols. II–VI, XIV–XVI and XIX–XXII: every occurrence of 'know God'; 'to know God', 'know Him', 'know themselves', knowing oneself near God, 'good within', and 'no other way' or 'only way' near God.
3. Когда человек спрашивает природу о том, что такое он, — он не получает ответа, ибо только он сам есть ответ на этот вопрос; он должен познать самого себя.
3. When man asks nature what he is, he receives no answer, for only he himself is the answer to this question; he must know himself.
From The Universal Republic · close to the original .
Lucy Mallory’s own wordsWhen man interrogates Nature as to what he is, he receives no reply, for man is his own answer; he must seek to know himself.
The sculptor's talent is in himself, not in the stone external to him; the marble but expresses it. --L. A. M.
Source text: iapsop.comDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. The Universal Republic (the editor's part of The World's Advance-Thought, ed. Lucy A. Mallory, Portland, Oregon), vol. XII, no. 1, August–September 1898, Among the editor's paragraphs, after the note on the International Congress of Spiritualists in London (June 1898); signed '--L. A. M.'.
Close to the first sentence of a paragraph signed 'L. A. M.'; Tolstoy leaves out the second, on the sculptor and the marble. 'for man is his own answer' becomes 'for only he himself is the answer to this question' (ибо только он сам есть ответ на этот вопрос); 'he must seek to know himself' becomes 'he must know himself' (он должен познать самого себя), where познать, to come to know, carries the seeking. The issue was not saved before; its text is the PDF's text layer, as for the other issues. Mallory's sentence is offered as the printable; if 'only' or the lost 'seek to' is held to be a change, Tolstoy's version stands.
4. Когда чувствуешь потребность силы — уединись.
4. When you feel the need for strength, seek solitude.
From Thoreau: His Life and Aims · reworded by Tolstoy .
What changedThe first person becomes a precept: “When I need to recruit my strength I must retire into solitude” becomes “When you feel the need for strength, seek solitude.”
What Tolstoy read · Every Day with Thoreau, in The Coming DayWhen I need to recruit my strength I must retire into solitude.
Source text: archive.orgThoreau’s own wordsWhen I need to recruit my strength I must retire into solitude.
But neither with Thoreau nor with Goethe could that solitude be a period of inertia, of weak self-pity, or of brooding discontent; …
Source text: archive.orgDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Thoreau: His Life and Aims (Boston, 1877), by H. A. Page [Alexander Hay Japp], p. 108, section II, on the retreat to Walden: 'he unconsciously acted on the axiom of Goethe'.
The sentence is not Thoreau's. H. A. Page (A. H. Japp) quotes it in 1877 as 'the axiom of Goethe', on which Thoreau 'unconsciously acted' when he retired to Walden. The calendar 'Every Day with Thoreau' in The Coming Day prints it for November 24 as Thoreau's, credited to a 'Letter', and Tolstoy signed it «Торо» after the calendar. It is not in Thoreau's Familiar Letters (Writings, vol. VI, 1906) or in the other saved Thoreau. Japp names no work of Goethe's, and the German was not found, so the attribution to Goethe is Japp's alone and is not given as certain. Tolstoy turns the first person into a precept: 'When I need to recruit my strength I must retire into solitude' becomes 'When you feel the need of strength, withdraw into solitude' (Когда чувствуешь потребность силы — уединись). No printable, because the author is not Thoreau and the person is changed.
Translation note. The Russian italic is broken only at the dash; it is set here as one span.
5. Путь к славе пролегает через дворцы, к счастью — через базары, а к добродетели — через пустыни.
5. The road to glory runs through palaces, to happiness through markets, and to virtue through deserts.
From Proverbes chinois · close to the original .
What Tolstoy read · Paul Perny, Proverbes chinois, recueillis et mis en ordreOn va à la gloire par le palais, à la fortune par le marché …
… à la vertu par les déserts.
Source text: archive.orgDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Proverbes chinois (1869), Part II, Proverbes chinois sans texte, p. 116, no. 36.
Perny's French, closely: «On va à la gloire par le palais, à la fortune par le marché, à la vertu par les déserts» (one goes to glory by the palace, to fortune by the market, to virtue by the deserts); Tolstoy's «к счастью — через базары» gives "fortune" as happiness and the market as bazaars, and puts palaces and bazaars in the plural. Paul Perny, a missionary of the Missions Étrangères, prints it among the proverbs given without Chinese text, so no Chinese original is shown. Found while tracing September 13's Chinese proverb, Perny's no. 43, on the next page; August's trace had searched Perny's collection on archive.org without finding it.
6. Для огромного большинства их внутренний мир есть как бы океан, настолько обширный, что они не решаются исследовать его; но рано или поздно им придется войти в него и искать в нем того небесного пристанища, которого они тщетно искали во внешнем мире.
6. For the vast majority, their inner world is like an ocean so wide that they do not dare to explore it; but sooner or later they will have to enter it and seek in it that heavenly haven which they sought in vain in the outer world.
Source not found yet .
Not found yet.
Not found. The image of the inner world as an ocean too wide to explore, where sooner or later one must seek the heavenly haven sought in vain in the outer world, was not found in the surviving issues.
Searched: For the text layers of IAPSOP's PDFs of 108 issues of The World's Advance-Thought (vols. III–VI, 1888–1892, and XI–XXI, March 1897 to December 1907: every issue IAPSOP holds for those years) and the saved archive.org scans of vols. II–VI, XIV–XVI and XIX–XXII: 'ocean' near 'inner' or 'within', 'inner world', 'inner life', 'vast ocean', 'great ocean', 'dare not', 'explore', 'haven', 'harbor', 'sought in vain', and 'in vain' near outer or external.
7. У человека есть всегда место спасения от всех бедствий; место это — его душа.
7. We always have a place of refuge from all calamities; that place is our soul.
Если бы только человек понимал, кто он такой, как ничтожны бы ему показались его огорчения.
If only we understood who we are, how insignificant our sorrows would seem to us.
Translation note. The Russian italic is broken only at the comma; it is set here as one span.
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