24Aprilапреля · 24-е апреля
Истинное мужество в борьбе свойственно только тому, кто знает, что его союзник — бог.
True courage in struggle belongs only to those who know that their ally is God.
1. В мире будете иметь скорбь; но мужайтесь: я победил мир.
1. In the world you will have sorrow; but take courage: I have overcome the world.
From John · shortened by Tolstoy .
The Russian Bible (Synodal translation)В мире будете иметь скорбь; но мужайтесь: Я победил мир.
Source text: ru.wikisource.orgIn English · King James Version, 1611In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of good cheer; I have overcome the world.
Source text: gutenberg.orgDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. John, 16:33.
The second half of the verse in the Synodal wording; the first, «Сие сказал Я вам, чтобы вы имели во Мне мир» ("These things I have spoken unto you, that in me ye might have peace"), is left out.
Translation note. The KJV has “In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of good cheer”. «Мужайтесь», “take courage”, shares its root with «мужество», “courage”, in the day’s opening thought.
2. Подвизайся за истину до смерти — и бог поборет за тебя.
2. Strive for the truth unto death — and God will fight for you.
From Wisdom of Jesus the Son of Sirach · close to the original .
The Russian Bible (Synodal translation)Подвизайся за истину до смерти, и Господь Бог поборет за тебя.
Source text: ru.wikisource.orgIn English · King James Version, 1611Strive for the truth unto death, and the Lord shall fight for thee.
Source text: gutenberg.orgTolstoy’s own version · На каждый деньПодвизайся за истину до смерти — и Бог поборет за тебя.
Source text: tolstoy.ruDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Wisdom of Jesus the Son of Sirach (Ecclesiasticus), 4:32 (Synodal); 4:28 (KJV).
The Synodal text of Sirach 4:32, with «бог» for «Господь Бог» and a dash for the comma. Tolstoy printed it again in «На каждый день», June 20, with the book, chapter, and verse.
3. Счастлив тот, кто, отвергнув побуждения и причины, по которым обыкновенно действует человечество, решается иметь доверие к самому себе. Высока должна быть душа, тверда воля, ясен взгляд у того, кто может заменить себе общество, обычай, постановления и довести себя до того, чтобы одно внутреннее убеждение имело над ним ту же силу, какую для других имеет «железная необходимость».
3. Happy is he who, having rejected the motives and reasons by which mankind ordinarily acts, resolves to trust himself. Lofty must be the soul, firm the will, clear the sight of him who can be to himself a substitute for society, custom, and statutes, and bring himself to the point where inner conviction alone has over him the same power that “iron necessity” has for others.
From Self-Reliance, in Essays, First Series · reworded by Tolstoy .
What changedEmerson’s demand, “it demands something godlike in him who has cast off the common motives of humanity,” becomes a blessing, “Happy is he who,” trusting himself “for a taskmaster” is left out, and “faithful his will” becomes “firm the will.” †
† An intermediate translation may have made this change.
Emerson’s own wordsAnd truly it demands something godlike in him who has cast off the common motives of humanity and has ventured to trust himself for a taskmaster. High be his heart, faithful his will, clear his sight, that he may in good earnest be doctrine, society, law, to himself, that a simple purpose may be to him as strong as iron necessity is to others!
Source text: gutenberg.orgDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Self-Reliance, in Essays, First Series (1841), After 'If any one imagines that this law is lax, let him keep its commandment one day'.
Emerson's two sentences, changed in each. 'it demands something godlike in him who has cast off the common motives of humanity and has ventured to trust himself for a taskmaster' becomes 'Happy is he who, having rejected the motives and reasons by which mankind usually acts, resolves to trust himself' (Счастлив тот…): the demand becomes a blessing, and 'for a taskmaster' is left out. 'High be his heart, faithful his will, clear his sight' becomes 'High must be the soul, firm the will, clear the sight' (тверда воля). 'that he may in good earnest be doctrine, society, law, to himself' becomes 'of one who can replace for himself society, custom, institutions'; 'that a simple purpose may be to him as strong as iron necessity is to others' becomes 'that inner conviction alone has over him the same power that "iron necessity" has for others'. No printable. The Jubilee list names two Russian Emerson selections, Nakashidze's «Высшая душа» (Posrednik, 1902) and «О доверии к себе» (Posrednik, 1904), and two English ones, Garnett's Passages (1902) and Broadbent's An Emerson's Treasury (1903); none was found online, so whether a change is Tolstoy's or a translator's cannot be told.
4. Что бы ни случилось, не теряй бодрости. Ничего дурного, не свойственного тебе, как человеку, случиться не может.
4. Whatever happens, do not lose heart. Nothing bad, nothing that is not proper to you as a human being, can happen.
5. Всё неопределенно, туманно и мимолетно, одна добродетель и ясна и не может быть сокрушена никаким насилием.
5. Everything is uncertain, hazy, and fleeting; virtue alone is clear and cannot be shattered by any violence.
From Philippicae · reworded by Tolstoy .
What changedVirtue “planted firm with very deep roots” (in Ramage, whom Tolstoy follows, “fixed with deep roots”) becomes virtue that “is clear,” and that it “can never be moved from its position” is left out.
What Tolstoy read · Beautiful Thoughts from Latin AuthorsQuanquam omnia alia incerta sunt, caduca, mobilia: …
… virtue alone is fixed with deep roots; it can neither be destroyed by any violence or moved from its place.
Source text: archive.orgOriginal · LatinNam cum alia omnia falsa, incerta sint, caduca, mobilia, virtus est una altissimis defixa radicibus; quae numquam vi ulla labefactari potest, numquam demoveri loco.
Source text: thelatinlibrary.comIn English · C. D. Yonge, 1903Although all other things are uncertain, fleeting, transitory; virtue alone is planted firm with very deep roots; it can not be undermined by any violence; it can never be moved from its position.
Source text: raw.githubusercontent.comDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Philippicae, IV.13 (Philip. iv. 5 in Ramage).
Tolstoy follows Ramage's English: "Though all other things are uncertain, evanescent, and ephemeral, virtue alone is fixed with deep roots; it can neither be destroyed by any violence or moved from its place" (the scan reads "ephemei^"). «неопределенно, туманно и мимолетно» are Ramage's three adjectives, and «не может быть сокрушена никаким насилием» is his "destroyed by any violence". Tolstoy changes "fixed with deep roots" (altissimis defixa radicibus) to «ясна» (clear), leaves out "moved from its place", and drops the setting: Cicero is urging the Roman people to keep the courage their ancestors left them, by which they conquered Italy and destroyed Carthage. Yonge's English, from the modern Latin text («Nam cum alia omnia falsa, incerta sint»), has "uncertain, fleeting, transitory".
6. Человек, отрекающийся от своей личности, могуществен, потому что личность скрывала в нем бога. Как скоро он откинул личность, действует в нем уже не он, а бог.
6. Those who renounce their personality are mighty, because the personality hid God in them. As soon as they have cast off the personality, it is no longer they who act in them, but God.
7. Раз римская императрица потеряла свои драгоценности. Тогда было объявлено по всей империи следующее: «Кто найдет и возвратит потерю в течение тридцати дней, получит богатое вознаграждение; если же кто возвратит их после тридцати дней, то будет казнен смертью». Еврейский раввин Самуил вскоре нашел потерянные драгоценности, но возвратил их по истечении тридцати дней. «Ты был за границей?» — спросила его императрица. «Нет, я был дома», — ответил он. «Но ты, может быть, не знал о том, что было объявлено?» — «Нет, знал», — сказал Самуил. «Так отчего же ты не возвратил их до истечения тридцати дней? Ведь ты подлежишь смертной казни». —
«Я хотел тебе показать, — сказал Самуил, — что не из страха перед наказанием я возвратил тебе твою потерю, а из страха перед господом богом».
7. Once a Roman empress lost her jewels. Then the following was proclaimed throughout the empire: “Whoever finds what was lost and returns it within thirty days will receive a rich reward; but if anyone returns it after thirty days, he will be put to death.” A Jewish rabbi, Samuel, soon found the lost jewels, but returned them after the thirty days had passed. “Were you abroad?” the empress asked him. “No, I was at home,” he answered. “But perhaps you did not know what had been proclaimed?” “No, I knew,” said Samuel. “Then why did you not return them before the thirty days were out? You know you are liable to be put to death.”
“I wanted to show you,” said Samuel, “that it was not from fear of punishment that I returned to you what you had lost, but from fear of the Lord God.”
Не жди совершения того божьего дела, которому ты служишь, но знай, что каждое твое усилие не останется бесплодно и подвигает дело.
Do not wait for the accomplishment of the work of God that you serve, but know that no effort of yours will remain fruitless, and that each moves the work forward.
Tolstoy TodayТолстой сегодня · tolstoytoday.org/april/24