31Marchмарта · 31-е марта
Каяться — значит видеть всю степень своей порочности, своей слабости. Покаяние есть порицание всего дурного в себе, есть чистка души, приготовление ее к принятию добра.
To repent means to see the full extent of one’s depravity, of one’s weakness. Repentance is the censure of all that is bad in oneself; it is a cleansing of the soul, a preparing of it to receive what is good.
1. Если добрый человек не признает своих ошибок, а старается всегда оправдывать себя, то он очень скоро из доброго сделается очень недобрым.
1. If good people do not acknowledge their mistakes but always try to justify themselves, they will very soon go from being good to being very bad.
2. Присуще ли тебе нечто такое, что достойно порицания, сам спеши признать это.
2. If there is anything in you that deserves censure, hasten to acknowledge it yourself.
Translation note. The Russian italic is broken only at the commas; it is set here as one span.
3. Ничто так не размягчает сердца, как сознание своей вины, и ничто так не окаменяет его, как желание быть всегда правым.
3. Nothing so softens the heart as the consciousness of one’s guilt, and nothing so turns it to stone as the wish to be always right.
Source not found yet .
Not found yet.
No rabbinic source found for 'nothing softens the heart like the knowledge of one's guilt, nothing hardens it like the wish to be always right'. The line is not in Thoughts of Wise Men (1903). «По Талмуду» marks a free rendering; the passage it renders was not identified.
Searched: Thoughts of Wise Men (1903) and its variants (Jubilee vol. 40); the Jubilee vols. 41-42 (text, name index, attribution corrections); Pirkei Avot in Hebrew and in Gorfinkle's English; Sefaria's full-text search of its Hebrew corpus (Talmud, Midrash, musar) for the key phrases; Conway's Sacred Anthology. Tolstoy's two Russian Talmud anthologies (Gurvich, «Живая мораль», 1901; «Мировоззрение талмудистов», 1874-76) were not found online.
4. Если человек и чувствует в душе себя виноватым перед богом, но не признается в своей вине ни перед другими людьми, ни перед собой, то такой человек всегда охотно обвинит других людей и в особенности тех, перед кем виноват.
4. If people feel in their souls that they are guilty before God, yet do not admit their guilt either to other people or to themselves, such people will always readily accuse other people, and especially those before whom they are guilty.
5. Добрый человек это — тот, кто помнит свои грехи и забывает свое добро, а злой — наоборот, тот, кто помнит свое добро и забывает свои грехи.
Не прощай себе, и тогда легко будешь прощать другим.
5. A good man is one who remembers his sins and forgets the good he has done; and a wicked man is the reverse: one who remembers the good he has done and forgets his sins.
Do not forgive yourself, and then you will easily forgive others.
Source not found yet .
Not found yet.
Not found in rabbinic literature, and not in Thoughts of Wise Men (1903). The second paragraph («Не прощай себе, и тогда легко будешь прощать другим») resembles the Latin sentence of Publilius Syrus 'Ignoscito saepe alteri, numquam tibi' ('forgive others often, yourself never'), which was not checked against a saved text.
Searched: Thoughts of Wise Men (1903) and its variants (Jubilee vol. 40); the Jubilee vols. 41-42 (text, name index, attribution corrections); Pirkei Avot in Hebrew and in Gorfinkle's English; Sefaria's full-text search of its Hebrew corpus (Talmud, Midrash, musar) for the key phrases; Conway's Sacred Anthology. Tolstoy's two Russian Talmud anthologies (Gurvich, «Живая мораль», 1901; «Мировоззрение талмудистов», 1874-76) were not found online.
6. Тот, кто свои прежние злые дела покрыл добрыми, светит в этом мрачном мире подобно месяцу в облачной ночи.
6. He who has covered his former evil deeds with good ones shines in this dark world like the moon on a cloudy night.
From Dhammapada · reworded by Tolstoy .
What changedThe moon “when freed from clouds” becomes “the moon on a cloudy night,” and “this world” becomes “this dark world.” †
† An intermediate translation may have made this change.
Original · PaliYassa pāpaṁ kataṁ kammaṁ, …
… kusalena pidhīyati; …
Somaṁ lokaṁ pabhāseti, …
… abbhā muttova candimā.
Source text: raw.githubusercontent.comIn English · F. Max Müller, 1881173. He whose evil deeds are covered by good deeds, brightens up this world, like the moon when freed from clouds.
Source text: gutenberg.orgTolstoy’s own version · Мысли мудрых людей на каждый деньТот, кто свои прежние злые дела покрыл впоследствии добрыми, светит в этом мрачном мире подобно месяцу в облачной ночи.
Source text: tolstoy.ruDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Dhammapada, v. 173 (Lokavagga).
Dhammapada 173, as in Thoughts of Wise Men (1903), 28 January, less its «впоследствии». Müller's 'like the moon when freed from clouds' (Pali abbhā muttova candimā) becomes «подобно месяцу в облачной ночи», like the moon on a cloudy night, and 'this world' becomes «этом мрачном мире» (Müller's next verse, 174, begins 'This world is dark'). Both readings are already in the 1903 text, whose Dhammapada came from Gerasimov's Russian (1898, not seen), so the change may be Gerasimov's.
7. Хорошо каяться в грехах, когда еще в силах.
Каяться — значит очищать свою душу и готовиться к доброй жизни, и потому хорошо каяться, пока еще силы жизни не оставили человека. Надо подливать масла, пока еще не погасла светильня.
7. It is good to repent of one’s sins while one still has the strength.
To repent means to cleanse one’s soul and to prepare for a good life; and so it is good to repent before the powers of life have left a man. Oil must be poured in before the wick goes out.
From Babylonian Talmud, Avodah Zarah · reworded by Tolstoy .
What changedAdds a sentence of Tolstoy’s own, “To repent means to cleanse one’s soul and to prepare for a good life”; “Happy is he who repents” becomes “It is good to repent of one’s sins.”
In English · S. H. Glick, En Jacob (Ein Yaakov), 1916 (via Sefaria), 1916Happy is he who repents when he is still young (a man).
Source text: sefaria.orgYalkut Shimoni on Nachעשה תשובה עד שאתה בכחך, עד שהנר דולק תן לו שמן עד שלא יכבה הנר, כבה הנר אין השמן מועיל כלום
Source text: sefaria.orgTolstoy’s own version · Мысли мудрых людей на каждый деньБлаго человеку, кающемуся в грехах, когда он еще мужествен.
Покайся, пока силы не оставили тебя; подлей масла, пока еще не погасла светильня.
Source text: tolstoy.ruDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Babylonian Talmud, Avodah Zarah; Yalkut Shimoni on Ecclesiastes, Avodah Zarah 19a; Yalkut Shimoni on Nach 979.
Joined from two places, with a sentence added. (1) Rav, on Psalm 112:1: 'happy is he who repents while he is a man (ish)', that is, in his strength (Avodah Zarah 19a). (2) The midrash on Ecclesiastes 9:10 in Yalkut Shimoni: 'repent while you are in your strength; while the lamp burns, give it oil before the lamp goes out; once the lamp is out, the oil is of no use'. Thoughts of Wise Men (1903), 28 January, has the two in two sentences. For the Circle Tolstoy turned 'happy (ashrei) is he who repents' into «Хорошо каяться в грехах» ('it is good to repent of sins'), added a sentence of his own, «Каяться — значит очищать свою душу и готовиться к доброй жизни» ('to repent is to cleanse one's soul and prepare for a good life'), and dropped the midrash's last clause, that oil is of no use once the lamp is out. The lamp is Midrash, not Talmud. No public-domain English of the Yalkut was found.
Сознание человеком своей конечности среди бесконечного мира и своей греховности, т. е. неисполнения всего того, что он мог бы и должен был сделать, но не сделал, всегда было и всегда будет до тех пор, пока человек будет человеком.
The consciousness that human beings have of their finiteness amid an infinite world and of their sinfulness, that is, of their failure to do all that they could and should have done but did not, always has been and always will be, as long as human beings remain human.
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