28Januaryянваря · 28-е января
Для того, чтобы человеку узнать тот закон, которому он подчинен и который дает ему свободу, ему надо подняться из телесной жизни в духовную.
To come to know the law to which we are subject and which gives us freedom, we must rise out of bodily life into spiritual life.
1. Пославший меня есть истинен, и что я слышал от него, то и говорю миру.
Не поняли, что он говорил им об отце.
Итак, Иисус сказал им: когда вознесете сына человеческого, тогда узнаете, что это я и что ничего не делаю от себя, но как научил меня отец мой, так и говорю.
Ин. гл. 8, ст. 26—28.
Признание своей жизни не в своей личности, а в том духе божьем, который живет в каждом человеке, Христос называет вознесением сына человеческого.
1. He who sent me is true, and what I have heard from him, that I speak to the world.
They did not understand that he was speaking to them of the Father.
So Jesus said to them: When you lift up the Son of man, then you will know that it is I, and that I do nothing of myself, but as my Father taught me, so I speak.
John 8:26–28.
The recognition that our life lies not in our own personality but in the spirit of God that lives in every person is what Christ calls the lifting up of the Son of man.
Translation note. Tolstoy’s wording, beginning partway through verse 26 (the KJV opens it “I have many things to say and to judge of you: but”). The KJV has “When ye have lifted up the Son of man”, and “I am he” where Tolstoy has “it is I”.
2. Христос был истинный пророк. Он видел тайну души. Он видел величие человека. Он был верен тому, что живет в вас и во мне. Он видел бога воплощенным в человеке. И в состоянии величественного восторга он сказал: «Я божественен, бог действует чрез меня, чрез меня говорит. Хочешь видеть, — смотри на себя, когда ты думаешь и чувствуешь так же, как я теперь думаю и чувствую». И люди услыхали эти слова и в следующем поколении сказали: «Это был Иегова, сошедший с неба. И я убью всех тех, кто скажет, что это был человек».
Способы выражения, его язык, его притчи заняли место его истины; церкви основывались не на его истинах, а на его сравнениях. И христианство стало мифом так же, как прежние поэтические учения греков, египтян.
Он уважал Моисея и пророков, но не считал нужным удерживать их первобытные откровения и подчинял их вечному откровению сердца. Познав тот повелевающий закон, который живет в сердцах людей, он не подчинял этот закон никакому другому. Он признал этот закон самим богом.
2. Christ was a true prophet. He saw the mystery of the soul. He saw the greatness of man. He was true to what lives in you and in me. He saw God incarnate in man. And in a state of sublime rapture he said: “I am divine, God acts through me, speaks through me. If you want to see, look at yourself when you think and feel as I now think and feel.” And people heard these words, and in the next generation they said: “This was Jehovah come down from heaven. And I will kill all who say that this was a man.”
The forms of expression, his language, his parables, took the place of his truth; churches were founded not on his truths but on his comparisons. And Christianity became a myth, like the earlier poetic teachings of the Greeks and the Egyptians.
He respected Moses and the prophets, but did not think it necessary to retain their primitive revelations, and he subordinated them to the eternal revelation of the heart. Having come to know the commanding law that lives in human hearts, he subordinated that law to no other. He acknowledged that law as God himself.
From An Address delivered before the Senior Class in Divinity College, Cambridge, Sunday even… · shortened by Tolstoy .
Emerson’s own wordsJesus Christ belonged to the true race of prophets. He saw with open eye the mystery of the soul.
Alone in all history, he estimated the greatness of man. One man was true to what is in you and me. He saw that God incarnates himself in man, and evermore goes forth anew to take possession of his world. He said, in this jubilee of sublime emotion, ‘I am divine. Through me, God acts; through me, speaks. Would you see God, see me; or, see thee, when thou also thinkest as I now think.’
… and said, in the next age, ‘This was Jehovah come down out of heaven. I will kill you, if you say he was a man.’ The idioms of his language, and the figures of his rhetoric, have usurped the place of his truth; and churches are not built on his principles, but on his tropes. Christianity became a Mythus, as the poetic teaching of Greece and of Egypt, before.
He felt respect for Moses and the prophets; but no unfit tenderness at postponing their initial revelations, to the hour and the man that now is; to the eternal revelation in the heart. Thus was he a true man. Having seen that the law in us is commanding, he would not suffer it to be commanded. Boldly, with hand, and heart, and life, he declared it was God.
Source text: gutenberg.orgDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. An Address delivered before the Senior Class in Divinity College, Cambridge, Sunday evening, 15 July 1838 (the Divinity School Address), in Nature, Addresses, and Lectures, The paragraph 'Jesus Christ belonged to the true race of prophets' and the two that follow, to 'Boldly, with hand, and heart, and life, he declared it was God'.
One continuous passage, cut and in places paraphrased; the order is Emerson's. Left out: 'Drawn by its severe harmony, ravished with its beauty, he lived in it, and had his being there'; 'and evermore goes forth anew to take possession of his world'; the lament 'But what a distortion did his doctrine and memory suffer' with the sentences on Reason and the Understanding; the sentences on miracles; 'Thus was he a true man'; and the closing 'the only soul in history who has appreciated the worth of man'. 'Alone in all history, he estimated the greatness of man' becomes 'He saw the greatness of man'; 'Would you see God, see me; or, see thee' becomes 'If you would see, look at yourself'; 'The understanding ... said' becomes 'people heard these words and in the next generation said'; 'I will kill you, if you say he was a man' becomes 'I will kill all who say he was a man'; 'no unfit tenderness at postponing their initial revelations, to the hour and the man that now is; to the eternal revelation in the heart' becomes 'did not think it needful to keep their primitive revelations, and subordinated them to the eternal revelation of the heart'; 'Boldly, with hand, and heart, and life, he declared it was God' becomes 'He recognized this law as God himself'.
3. Я и бог — одно! — сказал учитель. — Но если вы считаете за бога мое тело, то ошибаетесь. Если принимаете за бога мое нетелесное существо, особое от других существ, тоже ошибаетесь. Не ошибетесь только тогда, когда поймете в себе истинное мое я, то, которое действительно едино с богом и одно во всех людях. Для того, чтобы понять это я, надо возвысить в себе человека. И когда возвысите, то увидите, что между вами и другими людьми нет никакой разницы.
Нам только кажется, что мы отдельные существа, как кажется всякому цветку на яблоне, что он отдельное существо, а все они — только цвет одной яблони и все произошли от одного зародыша.
3. “I and God are one!” said the teacher. “But if you take my body for God, you are mistaken. If you take for God my incorporeal being, separate from other beings, you are mistaken too. Only when you understand within yourselves my true I, the one that is truly one with God and one in all people, will you not be mistaken. To understand this I, you must raise up the man within yourselves. And when you have raised him up, you will see that there is no difference at all between you and other people.”
It only seems to us that we are separate beings, as it seems to every blossom on an apple tree that it is a separate being, while they are all only the blossom of one apple tree, and all have come from one seed.
Source not found yet .
Not found yet.
Not located. As in October, November and December, no online text of F. A. Strakhov's writings holds the thought. It may come from his manuscripts: the Jubilee vol. 42 commentary says that for the weekly reading «Разум» Strakhov offered a passage from his own notes, unpublished at the time, and he read the Circle's proofs. The parable ("I and God are one," said the teacher; the true "I" is one in all people; we are like blossoms on one apple tree, grown from one seed) echoes John 10:30.
Searched: Web searches for «цвет одной яблони», «цветку на яблоне, что он отдельное существо» and «Я и бог — одно»; archive.org for Strakhov's books, and the text of his «Вопросы жизни» (1903) for яблон-, «Я и Богъ», «истинное мое»; the saved Jubilee vols. 40-45 for the apple-tree image; the Jubilee vol. 42 commentary and index.
4. Надо жить короткий срок этой жизни по закону вечной жизни.
4. We must live the short span of this life by the law of eternal life.
From Letter to Harrison Blake, Concord, 10 August 1849 · close to the original .
Thoreau’s own wordsWhat a pity if we do not live this short time according to the laws of the long time,--the eternal laws!
Source text: gutenberg.orgDetails
The words shown were found, word for word, in the saved source text. Letter to Harrison Blake, Concord, 10 August 1849 (Familiar Letters, Writings vol. VI, 1906; first printed in Letters to Various Persons, 1865), Second paragraph of the letter, after 'In this way the wealth of the universe may be securely invested'.
Close in sense, with the form changed: Thoreau's exclamation 'What a pity if we do not live ...' becomes a precept ('One must live ...'), 'this short time' becomes 'the short term of this life', and 'the laws of the long time,--the eternal laws' becomes 'the law of eternal life'. Thoreau's sentence is printed here; the reviewer may prefer Tolstoy's version because of the changed form.
5. «Душа человеческая по природе своей христианка».
Христианство воспринимается людьми всегда, как что-то забытое, вдруг вспомнившееся. Христианство поднимает человека на такую высоту, с которой ему открывается радостный мир, подчиненный разумному закону. Чувство, испытываемое человеком, узнающим истину христианства, подобно тому, которое испытал бы человек, запертый в темной, душной башне, когда бы он поднялся на высшую, открытую площадку башни, с которой он увидал бы невидный прежде прекрасный мир.
5. “The human soul is by its nature a Christian.”
Christianity is always received by people as something forgotten and suddenly recalled. Christianity raises us to a height from which a joyful world, subject to a reasonable law, opens before us. The feeling we have when we come to know the truth of Christianity is like what a man shut up in a dark, stifling tower would feel if he climbed to the highest, open platform of the tower, from which he would see the beautiful world he could not see before.
Translation note. The first line is Tertullian’s anima naturaliter christiana, “the soul by nature Christian” (Apology, chapter 17).
Сознание подчинения закону человеческому порабощает; сознание подчинения божескому закону освобождает.
The consciousness of being subject to human law enslaves; the consciousness of being subject to divine law sets free.
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